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Stone (unit)
The stone or stone weight (abbreviation: st.)〔.〕 is an English and imperial unit of weight or mass now equal to 14 avoirdupois pounds (6.35029318 kg).
England and other Germanic-speaking countries of northern Europe formerly used various standardized "stones" for trade, with their values ranging from about 5 to 40 local pounds (roughly 3 to 15 kg) depending on the location and objects being weighed. The United Kingdom's imperial system adopted the wool stone of 14 pounds in 1835. With the advent of metrication, Europe's various "stones" were superseded or adapted to the kilogram from the mid-19th century on. The stone continues in customary use in Britain and Ireland for measuring body weight, but was prohibited for commercial use in the UK by the Weights and Measures Act of 1985.
==Antiquity==
The name "stone" derives from the use of stones for weights, a practice that dates back into antiquity. The Biblical law against the carrying of "diverse weights, a large and a small" is more literally translated as "you shall not carry a stone and a stone (), a large and a small". There was no standardized "stone" in the ancient Jewish world, but in Roman times stone weights were crafted to multiples of the Roman pound (about 327.54 g). Such weights varied in quality: the Yale Medical Library holds 10 and 50-pound examples of polished blackstone,〔for example:
〕 while a 40-pound example at the Eschborn Museum is made of sandstone.〔A Roman stone weight of 40 librae is on exhibition in the Eschborn town museum (Germany). Retrieved 12 March 2012〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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